Which option sets the source IP address used for outgoing packets in Nmap?

• A. -S
• B. -e
• C. -Pn
• D. -f

Answer: (A)

Setting the source IP for outgoing packets in Nmap is about IP spoofing—controlling what source address appears in the probes you send. The option that specifies a spoofed source address lets you tell Nmap to use a particular IP in the source field of every packet it transmits. This is useful in tests where you want to simulate traffic from a different host or in a lab scenario, but it usually requires privileged access and can trigger security controls or violate network policies if used without authorization. Other options adjust how packets are sent without changing the origin address: choosing an interface only selects the network device used to transmit, not the IP seen by the target; disabling host discovery or fragmenting packets affects discovery and packet structure, not the source IP. So, to set the source IP for outgoing packets, you use the spoofed-source-address option.